ObpLovelyPython/AbtWebModules

   1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
   2 from wsgiref import simple_server
   3 
   4 # 定义一个输出 hello world 和环境变量的简单web应用程序
   5 def hello_app(environ, start_response):
   6     # 输出 http 头，text/plain 表示是纯文本
   7     start_response('200 OK', [('Content-type','text/plain')])
   8     # 准备输出的内容
   9     content = []
  10     content.append('Hello world')
  11     for key, value in environ.items():
  12         content.append('%s : %s' % (key, value))
  13     # 输出，根据 wsgi 协议，返回的需要是一个迭代器，返回一个 list 就可以
  14     return ['\n'.join(content)]
  15 
  16 # 构造开发服务器对象，设置绑定的地址和端口，并把 hello world 应用程序传给他
  17 server = simple_server.make_server('localhost', 8080, hello_app)
  18 # 启动开发服务器
  19 server.serve_forever()

   1 >>> # 导入 Request 对象
   2 >>> from webob import Request
   3 >>> environ = {}
   4 >>> # 使用 Request 来包装 environ 字典
   5 >>> req = Request(environ)

   1 >>> from webob import Request
   2 >>> # 构建一个简易的 web 请求
   3 >>> req = Request.blank('http://localhost:8080/hello?name=python')
   4 >>> from pprint import pprint
   5 >>> # 查看该 web 请求具体内容
   6 >>> pprint(req.environ)
   7 {'HTTP_HOST': 'localhost:8080',
   8  'PATH_INFO': '/hello',
   9  'QUERY_STRING': 'name=python',
  10  'REQUEST_METHOD': 'GET',
  11  'SCRIPT_NAME': '',
  12  'SERVER_NAME': 'localhost',
  13  'SERVER_PORT': '8080',
  14  'SERVER_PROTOCOL': 'HTTP/1.0',
  15  'webob._parsed_query_vars': (MultiDict([('name', 'python')]), 'name=python'),
  16  'wsgi.errors': <open file '<stderr>', mode 'w' at 0x00B6F0B0>,
  17  'wsgi.input': <cStringIO.StringI object at 0x00B6A2F0>,
  18  'wsgi.multiprocess': False,
  19  'wsgi.multithread': False,
  20  'wsgi.run_once': False,
  21  'wsgi.url_scheme': 'http',
  22  'wsgi.version': (1, 0),
  23  'wsgiorg.routing_args': ((), {})}
  24 >>> # 通过 Request 的属性可以更方便地对其进行访问
  25 >>> req.method
  26 'GET'
  27 >>> req.host
  28 'localhost:8080'
  29 >>> req.path
  30 '/hello'
  31 >>> req.query_string
  32 'name=python'
  33 >>> # 可以用字典的方式访问 GET 参数
  34 >>> req.GET['name']
  35 'python'
  36 >>> # 访问 POST 数据也类似，不过显然，这不是一个 POST 请求
  37 >>> req.POST
  38 <NoVars: Not a form request>
  39 >>> # 不过我们也可以模拟一个 POST 请求
  40 >>> req.method = 'POST'
  41 >>> # 手动设置模拟 POST 的请求数据
  42 >>> req.body = 'name=python'
  43 >>> # 这下就可以了
  44 >>> req.POST['name']
  45 'python'
  46 >>> # 还可以很方便获取 cookie 数据
  47 >>> # 先模拟一段带来的cookie的客户端请求
  48 >>> req.headers['Cookie'] = 'name=python'
  49 >>> # 同样，通过字典的方式对 cookie 进行访问
  50 >>> req.cookies
  51 {'name': 'python'}

   1 >>> from webob import Response
   2 >>> # 构造一个 Response对象
   3 >>> res = Response(status=200, body='hello world')
   4 >>> # 设置响应头
   5 >>> res.headers['content-type'] = 'text/plain'
   6 >>> # 设置 cookie
   7 >>> res.set_cookie('name', 'python', max_age=360, path='/',
   8 ...                domain='example.org', secure=True)
   9 >>> # 构建原始的 http 响应包
  10 >>> print res
  11 200 OK
  12 Content-Length: 11
  13 content-type: text/plain
  14 Set-Cookie: name=python; Domain=example.org; expires="Thu, 25-Sep-2008 14:28:07 GMT"; Max-Age=360; Path=/; secure
  15 
  16 hello world

   1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
   2 from wsgiref import simple_server
   3 from webob import Request, Response
   4 
   5 # 我们顺便增加了一个功能，就是根据用户在 URL 后面传递的参数
   6 # 显示相应的内容
   7 def hello_app(request):
   8     content = []
   9     # 获取 get 请求的参数
  10     content.append('Hello %s'%request.GET['name'])
  11     # 输出所有 environ 变量
  12     for key, value in request.environ.items():
  13         content.append('%s : %s' % (key, value))
  14 
  15     response = Response(body='\n'.join(content))
  16     response.headers['content-type'] = 'text/plain'
  17     return response
  18 
  19 # 对请求和响应进行包装
  20 def wsgi_wrapper(environ, start_response):
  21     request = Request(environ)
  22     response = hello_app(request)
  23     # response 对象本身也实现了与 wsgi 服务器之间通讯的协议，
  24     # 所以可以帮我们处理与web服务器之间的交互。
  25     return response(environ, start_response)
  26 
  27 server = simple_server.make_server('localhost', 8080, wsgi_wrapper)
  28 server.serve_forever()

   1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
   2 from wsgiref import simple_server
   3 from webob import Request, Response
   4 
   5 # 写成装饰器的 wsgi_wrapper
   6 def wsgi_wrapper(func):
   7     def new_func(environ, start_response):
   8         request = Request(environ)
   9         response = func(request)
  10         return response(environ, start_response)
  11     new_func.__name__ = func.__name__
  12     new_func.__doc__ = func.__doc__
  13     return new_func
  14 
  15 # 应用程序
  16 @wsgi_wrapper
  17 def hello_app(request):
  18     content = []
  19     content.append('Hello %s'%request.GET['name'])
  20     for key, value in request.environ.items():
  21         content.append('%s : %s' % (key, value))
  22 
  23     response = Response(body='\n'.join(content))
  24     response.headers['content-type'] = 'text/plain'
  25     return response
  26 
  27 server = simple_server.make_server('localhost', 8080, hello_app)
  28 server.serve_forever()

   1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
   2 # 导入模板对象
   3 from mako.template import Template
   4 # 使用模板文件名构造模板对象
   5 tmpl = Template(filename='./simple.html', output_encoding='utf-8')
   6 # 构造一个简单的字典填充模板，并print出来
   7 print tmpl.render(name='python', data = {'a':1, 'b':2})

   1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
   2 from webob import Request
   3 
   4 def wsgi_wrapper(func):
   5     def new_func(environ, start_response):
   6         request = Request(environ)
   7         response = func(request)
   8         return response(environ, start_response)
   9     new_func.__name__ = func.__name__
  10     new_func.__doc__ = func.__doc__
  11     return new_func

   1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
   2 from utils import wsgi_wrapper
   3 from webob import Response
   4 from mako import Template
   5 
   6 # 整合了模板功能的 hello_app
   7 @wsgi_wrapper
   8 def hello_app(request):
   9     tmpl = Template(filename='./simple.html', output_encoding='utf-8')
  10     content = tmpl.render(name=request.GET['name'], data=request.environ)
  11     return Response(body=content)

   1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
   2 from wsgiref import simple_server
   3 from controller import hello_app
   4 
   5 server = simple_server.make_server('localhost', 8080, hello_app)
   6 server.serve_forever()

   1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
   2 from sqlalchemy import *
   3 from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, scoped_session
   4 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
   5 
   6 # 创建数据库引擎，这里我们直接使用 Python2.5 自带的数据库引擎：sqlite，
   7 # 直接在当前目录下建立名为 data.db 的数据库
   8 engine = create_engine('sqlite:///data.db')
   9 # sqlalchemy 中所有数据库操作都要由某个session来进行管理
  10 # 关于 session 的详细信息请参考：http://www.sqlalchemy.org/docs/05/session.html
  11 Session = scoped_session(sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=engine))
  12 Base = declarative_base()
  13 
  14 class Dictionary(Base):
  15     # Python 对象对应关系数据库的表名
  16     __tablename__ = 't_dictionary'
  17     # 定义自动，参数含义分别为：数据库字段名，字段类型，其他选项
  18     key = Column('key', String(255), primary_key=True)
  19     value =  Column('value', String(255))
  20 
  21 # 创建数据库
  22 Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
  23 
  24 session = Session()
  25 for item in ['python','ruby','java']:
  26     # 构造一个对象
  27     dictionary = Dictionary(key=item, value=item.upper())
  28     # 告诉 sqlalchemy ，将该对象加到数据库
  29     session.add(dictionary)
  30 
  31 # 提交session，在这里才真正执行数据库的操作，添加三条记录到数据库
  32 session.commit()
  33 
  34 # 查询数据库中Dictionary对象对应的数据
  35 for dictionary in session.query(Dictionary):
  36     print dictionary.key, dictionary.value

   1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
   2 from sqlalchemy import *
   3 from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, scoped_session
   4 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
   5 
   6 engine = create_engine('sqlite:///data.db')
   7 Session = scoped_session(sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=engine))
   8 Base = declarative_base()
   9 
  10 class Dictionary(Base):
  11     __tablename__ = 't_dictionary'
  12     key = Column('key', String(255), primary_key=True)
  13     value =  Column('value', String(255))

   1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
   2 # 导入公用的 model 模块
   3 from model import Base, Session, Dictionary, engine
   4 
   5 # 创建数据库
   6 Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
   7 
   8 # 插入初始数据
   9 session = Session()
  10 for item in ['python','ruby','java']:
  11     dictionary = Dictionary(key=item, value=item.upper())
  12     session.add(dictionary)
  13 
  14 session.commit()

   1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
   2 from utils import wsgi_wrapper
   3 from webob import Response
   4 from mako.template import Template
   5 # 导入公用的 model 模块
   6 from model import Session, Dictionary
   7 
   8 @wsgi_wrapper
   9 def hello_app(request):
  10     session = Session()
  11     # 查询到所有 Dictionary 对象
  12     dictionaries = session.query(Dictionary)
  13     # 然后根据 Dictionary 对象的 key、value 属性把列表转换成一个字典
  14     data = dict([(dictionary.key, dictionary.value) for dictionary in dictionaries])
  15 
  16     tmpl = Template(filename='./simple.html', output_encoding='utf-8')
  17     content = tmpl.render(name=request.GET['name'], data=data)
  18     return Response(body=content)

   1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
   2 from controller import hello_app
   3 mappings = [('/hello/{name}', {'GET':hello_app})]

   1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
   2 from wsgiref import simple_server
   3 from urls import mappings
   4 from selector import Selector
   5 
   6 # 构建 url 分发器
   7 app = Selector(mappings)
   8 server = simple_server.make_server('localhost', 8080, app)
   9 server.serve_forever()

   1 from webob import Request
   2 
   3 def wsgi_wrapper(func):
   4     def new_func(environ, start_response):
   5         request = Request(environ)
   6         position_args, keyword_args = environ.get('wsgiorg.routing_args', ((), {}))
   7         response = func(request, *position_args, **keyword_args)
   8         return response(environ, start_response)
   9     new_func.__name__ = func.__name__
  10     new_func.__doc__ = func.__doc__
  11     return new_func

   1 ...
   2 @wsgi_wrapper
   3 def hello_app(request, name=''):
   4     ...
   5     content = tmpl.render(name=name, data=data)
   6     return Response(body=content)