代码见 http://zspy.googlecode.com
张沈鹏 [email protected] http://zsp.javaeye.com/
2008-1-23 16:42
1. PycURL
Pycurl http://pycurl.sourceforge.net/
外部libcurl的接口,C写的,比urllib快,功能强.支持循环rewrite陷井的安全深度. 用于做网络爬虫,抓网页.
从 http://pycurl.sourceforge.net/download/ 下载 pycurl-ssl-7.16.4.win32-py2.5.exe 安装.
参考文献1,测试代码
1 #像操作文件一样操作字符串,也可以from cStringIO import StringIO,性能应该会好一些
2 import StringIO
3
4 html = StringIO.StringIO()
5
6 import pycurl
7 c = pycurl.Curl()
8
9 c.setopt(pycurl.URL, 'http://www.baidu.com')
10
11 #写的回调
12 c.setopt(pycurl.WRITEFUNCTION, html.write)
13
14 c.setopt(pycurl.FOLLOWLOCATION, 1)
15
16 #最大重定向次数,可以预防重定向陷阱
17 c.setopt(pycurl.MAXREDIRS, 5)
18
19 #访问,阻塞到访问结束
20 c.perform()
21
22 #打印出 200(HTTP状态码) http://www.baidu.com(生效的url)
23 print c.getinfo(pycurl.HTTP_CODE), c.getinfo(pycurl.EFFECTIVE_URL)
24
25 #输出百度首页的html
26 #print html.getvalue()
然后看看多线程,http://pycurl.cvs.sourceforge.net/pycurl/pycurl/tests/ 有很多例子,还可做参考http://pycurl.sourceforge.net/doc/curlmultiobject.html
我自己改写了一个:)
1 #!/usr/bin/env python
2 #coding=utf-8
3
4 import threading
5 import pycurl
6 from cStringIO import StringIO
7
8 class UrlOpen(threading.Thread):
9 """异步下载网页"""
10
11 def __init__(self):
12 super(UrlOpen,self).__init__()
13 self.opener = pycurl.CurlMulti()
14 self.handle_list=[]
15
16 def add(self,url,recall,writer=StringIO()):
17 """
18 参数:网址,回调函数,存放临时数据的对象
19 """
20 c = pycurl.Curl()
21
22 #可以传给回调函数
23 c.url=url
24 c.content = writer
25 c.recall = recall
26 c.setopt(c.URL,url)
27 c.setopt(c.WRITEFUNCTION,c.content.write)
28
29 self.handle_list.append(c)
30 self.opener.add_handle(c)
31
32 def _remove(self,c):
33 c.close()
34 self.opener.remove_handle(c)
35 self.handle_list.remove(c)
36
37
38 def run(self):
39 num_handle=len(self.handle_list)
40 while 1:
41 ret = self.opener.select(10.0)
42 if ret == -1: continue
43 while 1:
44 num_handle_pre=num_handle
45 ret, num_handle =self.opener.perform()
46 #活动的连接数改变时
47 if num_handle!=num_handle_pre:
48 result=self.opener.info_read()
49 print result
50 for i in result[1]:
51 #成功
52 i.http_code = i.getinfo(i.HTTP_CODE)
53 self._remove(i)
54 i.recall(i)
55 for i in result[2]:
56 #失败,应该记录一下
57 self._remove(i)
58
59 if ret != pycurl.E_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM:
60 break
61
62 _opener=None
63 def urlopen(*arg,**key):
64 global _opener
65 if _opener is None:
66 _opener=UrlOpen()
67 _opener.add(*arg,**key)
68 _opener.start()
69 else:
70 _opener.add(*arg,**key)
71
72 def show(x):
73 print x.content.getvalue()
74 if __name__=="__main__":
75 urlopen("http://www.baidu.com/",show)
76 _opener.join()
又封装了一个异步打开网页的类和函数
#coding=utf-8 import threading from cStringIO import StringIO import pycurl """ Asyn open url Author:[email protected] 2008-1-25 17:14 """ from Queue import Queue,Empty class UrlOpen(threading.Thread): """异步下载网页""" def __init__(self): super(UrlOpen, self).__init__() self.opener = pycurl.CurlMulti() self.handle_list = [] self.waiting = Queue(2048) def add(self, url, recall, catch=None, writer=StringIO): """ 参数:网址,回调函数,存放临时数据的对象 """ if catch is None: def catch(curl, error_no, desp): print "Url:%s\nError:%s - %s"%(curl.url, error_no, desp) c = pycurl.Curl() #可以传给回调函数 c.url = url c.content = writer() c.recall = recall c.catch = catch c.setopt(c.URL, url.encode('utf-8') if type(url) is unicode else url ) c.setopt(c.WRITEFUNCTION, c.content.write) c.setopt(pycurl.CONNECTTIMEOUT, 30) c.setopt(pycurl.MAXREDIRS, 3) c.setopt(pycurl.TIMEOUT, 300) c.setopt(pycurl.FOLLOWLOCATION, 1) self.waiting.put(c) def _add(self,c): self.handle_list.append(c) self.opener.add_handle(c) def _pull(self): while True: try: self._add(self.waiting.get_nowait()) except Empty: break def _remove(self, c): c.close() self.opener.remove_handle(c) self.handle_list.remove(c) del c def run(self): import select import time num_handle = 0 while 1: #print 1 if self.handle_list: #print "select start" ret = self.opener.select(1.0) #print "select end" if ret >= 0: while 1: #print "perform start" num_handle_pre = num_handle ret, num_handle = self.opener.perform() #print "preform end" #活动的连接数改变时 if num_handle != num_handle_pre: result = self.opener.info_read() for i in result[1]: #成功 i.http_code = i.getinfo(i.HTTP_CODE) i.recall(i) self._remove(i) for i in result[2]: #失败,应该记录一下,或回调失败函数 #i为(<pycurl.Curl object at 0x00C04C80>, 6, 'Could not resolve host: www.msn.com (Domain name not found)') i[0].catch(*i) self._remove(i[0]) if ret != pycurl.E_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM: #print "break" break self._pull() self._pull() else: self._add(self.waiting.get()) _opener = None def urlopen(*arg, **key): global _opener if _opener is None: _opener = UrlOpen() _opener.start() _opener.add(*arg, **key) import time if __name__ == "__main__": link = ['http://www.baidu.com/', 'http://www.sina.com.cn', 'http://www.qq.com', 'http://www.sohu.com', 'http://www.163.com/', 'http://www.ifeng.com/', 'http://www.cctv.com/default.shtml', 'http://www.xinhuanet.com/', 'http://www.people.com.cn/', 'http://cn.msn.com/', 'http://www.google.cn/', 'http://cn.yahoo.com/', 'http://www.amazon.cn/?source=2009hao123famousdaohang', 'http://www.chinamobile.com/', 'http://www.pconline.com.cn/', 'http://www.chinahr.com/', 'http://www.gov.cn/', 'http://www.zhcw.com/', 'http://www.autohome.com.cn/', 'http://www.zhaopin.com/Market/hao123.jsp', 'http://fund.eastmoney.com/', 'http://www.eastmoney.com/', 'http://www.xiaonei.com/', 'http://www.soufun.com/', 'http://www.51.com/', 'http://www.rayli.com.cn/', 'http://youa.baidu.com/', 'http://www.360.cn/', 'http://www.ctrip.com/', 'http://www.xcar.com.cn/', 'http://www.qq163.com', 'http://www.samsung.com/', 'http://www.zol.com.cn/', 'http://www.taobao.com/', 'http://www.icbc.com.cn/', 'http://www.sto.cn', 'http://www.dianping.com', 'http://www.gougou.com', 'http://www.ct10000.com', 'http://www.anjuke.com/?&pi=H-1', 'http://www.360buy.com/union/union_default.asp?union_Id=75', 'http://tl.sohu.com/?rcc_id=061f93406c7a77d6a6e4c8647b09fb56', 'http://www.51job.com/default.php?code=gb2312', 'http://central.dangdang.com/league/leagueref.asp?from=P-227107a&backurl=http://a.oadz.com/link/C/51/52648/ZzZIg.TXwwIV69FJbh3yJe4H7WI_/a/898?home.dangdang.com', 'http://www.jiayuan.com/st/?id=3237&url=http://www.jiayuan.com'] link +=['http://www.qidian.com/', 'http://www.readnovel.com/', 'http://www.hongxiu.com/', 'http://www.bookge.com/', 'http://www.jjwxc.net/', 'http://hjsm.tom.com/', 'http://www.4yt.net/', 'http://www.cuiweiju.com/', 'http://book.sina.com.cn/', 'http://www.xxsy.net/', 'http://www.wansong.net/', 'http://www.myfreshnet.com/', 'http://www.fmx.cn/', 'http://www.xs8.cn/', 'http://www.rongshuxia.com/', 'http://www.booksky.org/', 'http://www.zhulang.com/', 'http://www.3320.net/', 'http://www.17k.com/', 'http://www.xhsd.net/', 'http://www.qukanshu.com/', 'http://www.fbook.net/', 'http://www.duyidu.com/', 'http://www.soso999.com/', 'http://www.junzitang.com/', 'http://msn.hongxiu.com/', 'http://www.yuanwen.com/', 'http://top.baidu.com/book.html', 'http://www.lcread.com/', 'http://www.sodu.com.cn/', 'http://www.cc222.com/', 'http://www.feiku.com/', 'http://book.hqdoor.com/', 'http://book.sooyuu.com/', 'http://www.52eshu.com/', 'http://bbs.91txt.com/', 'http://book.qq.com/', 'http://book.sohu.com/', 'http://www.baidu.com/search/guoxue/dir/fenlei.html', 'http://wind.yinsha.com/', 'http://www.duzhe.com/', 'http://www.storychina.cn/', 'http://www.shigeku.org/', 'http://www.goodmood.cn/', 'http://www.nlc.gov.cn/', 'http://www.qnwz.cn/', 'http://wenxue.xilu.com/'] link +=['http://www.ganji.com/', 'http://www.58.com/', 'http://www.baixing.com/', 'http://www.263.com/', 'http://www.kuxun.cn/', 'http://www.mangocity.com/', 'http://www.qunar.com/', 'http://www.dianping.com/', 'http://www.fantong.com/', 'http://www.55bbs.com/', 'http://www.19lou.com/', 'http://www.koubei.com/', 'http://www.nike.com.cn/', 'http://www.li-ning.com.cn/', 'http://www.bosideng.com/', 'http://www.pirateship.com.cn/', 'http://www.goelia.com.cn/', 'http://www.adidas.com/', 'http://www.converse.com.cn/', 'http://www.romon.com/index.php', 'http://www.youngor.com/', 'http://www.etam.com.cn', 'http://www.heilanhome.com/', 'http://www.mizuno.com.cn/', 'http://www.goldlion-china.com/', 'http://www.phland.com.cn/', 'http://www.betu.com.hk/', 'http://www.puma.com.cn/', 'http://www.anta.com/', 'http://www.pierrecardin.com.cn/', 'http://www.bobdog.com.cn/', 'http://www.idaphne.com/', 'http://www.e-giordano.com/', 'http://www.361sport.com/', 'http://www.levi.com.cn/', 'http://www.lee.com.cn/', 'http://www.shanshan.com/', 'http://www.semir.com', 'http://www.versace.com/flash.html', 'http://www.k-boxing.com/', 'http://only.nzn.cn/', 'http://www.pb89.com/%20', 'http://www.aimer.com.cn/', 'http://www.balenciaga.com', 'http://www.ordifen.com.cn/', 'http://www.ochirly.com/', 'http://www.uggaustralia.com/', 'http://www.jshyx.com/', 'http://www.givenchy.com/default.php', 'http://www.thenorthface.com.cn/', 'http://www.tissot.com.hk/', 'http://www.azona.com.hk/', 'http://www.3suisses.com.cn/', 'http://www.valentino.it/', 'http://www.yishion.com.cn/', 'http://www.chowtaiseng.com/', 'http://www.tsljewellery.com/', 'http://www.jeanswest.com/', 'http://www.baoxiniao.com.cn/', 'http://www.qsyr.com/%20', 'http://www.septwolves.com/', 'http://www.baleno.com.hk/', 'http://www.belle.com.cn/', 'http://www.teenmix.com.cn/', 'http://www.fairwhale.com.cn/', 'http://www.swatch.com.cn/', 'http://www.staccato.com/', 'http://www.daphne.com.cn/', 'http://www.c-banner.com/', 'http://www.xtep.com.cn/', 'http://www1.jeanswest.com.cn/', 'http://www.kappa.com.cn/', 'http://www.laofengxiang.com/', 'http://www.cnhqt.com/', 'http://www.tatashoes.com.cn/', 'http://www.robinhood.com.cn/', 'http://www.doublestar.com.cn/', 'http://www.ozarkgear.com.cn/', 'http://www.aokang.com.cn/', 'http://www.ctf.com.cn/', 'http://www.crpttan.com/', 'http://www.calvinklein.com/', 'http://www.citizen.com.cn/', 'http://www.longines.com/', 'http://www.jackjonescn.net/', 'http://www.famoustone.com/', 'http://www.kfc.com.cn/', 'http://www.bjyoshinoya.com.cn/', 'http://www.starbucks.cn/', 'http://www.icoke.cn/', 'http://www.mengniu.com.cn/', 'http://www.mcdonalds.com.cn/', 'http://www.yonghe.com.cn/', 'http://www.ubccn.com/', 'http://www.dicos.com.cn/', 'http://www.yili.com/', 'http://www.pizzahut.com.cn/', 'http://www.quanjude.com.cn/direct.php', 'http://www.nescafe.com.cn/', 'http://www.masterkong.com.cn/', 'http://www.heinz.com.cn/', 'http://www.origus.com/', 'http://www.xfy.com.cn/', 'http://www.haagendazs.com.cn/', 'http://www.wyeth.com.cn/', 'http://www.moutaichina.com/index.asp', 'http://www.tsingtao.com.cn/', 'http://www.meadjohnson.com.cn/', 'http://www.dumex.com.cn/', 'http://www.wuliangye.com.cn/', 'http://www.zkungfu.com/', 'http://www.dovechocolate.com.cn/', 'http://www.ganso.com.cn/%20%20%20', 'http://www.beingmate.com/', 'http://www.waffleboy.com.cn/', 'http://www.holiland.com.cn/', 'http://www.goldenjaguar.com/', 'http://www.huiyuan.com.cn/%20%20%20', 'http://www.hsufuchifoods.com/%20%20%20%20', 'http://www.maybellinechina.com/', 'http://www.dabao.com/', 'http://www.lorealchina.com/', 'http://www.shiseidochina.com/', 'http://www.esteelauder.com.cn/', 'http://www.avon.com.cn/PRSuite/home/home.jsp', 'http://www.tjoy.biz/', 'http://www.lancome.com.cn/_zh/_cn/index.aspx', 'http://www.kose.co.jp/', 'http://www.h2oplus.com.hk/', 'http://www.yuesai.com.cn/', 'http://www.nivea.com.cn/', 'http://www.chanel.com/', 'http://www.clinique.com.cn/index.tmpl?ngextredir=1', 'http://www.ponds.com.cn/', 'http://www.vichy.com.cn/', 'http://www.efu.org.cn/', 'http://www.laneigechina.com/Front-Page/index2.jsp', 'http://www.olay.com.cn/', 'http://www.guerlain.com.cn/', 'http://www.aupres-shiseido.com.cn/', 'http://www.dior.com/pcd/International/JSP/Home/prehomeFlash.jsp', 'http://www.herborist.com.cn/', 'http://www.dhc.net.cn/', 'http://www.ysl.com/', 'http://www.kose.com.cn/', 'http://www.liangfei.com/', 'http://www.tayoi.com/', 'http://www.chcedo.com/', 'http://www.head-shoulders.com.cn/', 'http://www.slek.com.cn/', 'http://www.mentholatum.com.cn/', 'http://www.pg.com.cn/', 'http://www.china-ajjj.com/', 'http://www.rejoice.com.cn/', 'http://www.cnnice.com/', 'http://www.watsons.com.cn/', 'http://www.unilever.com.cn/', 'http://www.ikea.com/cn/zh/', 'http://www.pantene.com.cn/', 'http://www.colgate.com.cn/app/Colgate/CN/HomePage.cvsp', 'http://www.auchan.com.cn/', 'http://www.c-bons.com.cn/', 'http://www.carrefour.com.cn/', 'http://www.vs.com.cn/', 'http://www.crest.com.cn/', 'http://www.tongrentang.com/', 'http://www.amway.com.cn/index.aspx', 'http://www.wal-martchina.com/', 'http://www.tupperware.com.cn/', 'http://www.ourlotus.com/', 'http://www.skyworth.com/cn/', 'http://www.sony.com.cn/', 'http://www.siemens.com.cn/', 'http://www.gree.com.cn/', 'http://www.shinco.com/', 'http://www.midea.com.cn/', 'http://www.samsung.com.cn/', 'http://www.hitachi-shha.com.cn/', 'http://www.electrolux.com.cn/', 'http://www.toshiba.com.cn/', 'http://www.panasonic.com.cn/', 'http://www.canon.com.cn/', 'http://www.tcl.com/', 'http://www.lg.com.cn/', 'http://cn.changhong.com/', 'http://www.haier.com/', 'http://www.philips.com.cn/', 'http://www.konka.com/', 'http://www.rsd.com.cn/', 'http://www.supor.com.cn/', 'http://www.fotile.com/', 'http://www.cnsuning.com/', 'http://www.sharp.cn/', 'http://www.galanz.com.cn/', 'http://www.chinamacro.cn/', 'http://www.robam.com/', 'http://www.gome.com.cn/', 'http://www.joyoung.com.cn/', 'http://www.staccato.com/', 'http://www.meiling.com/', 'http://www.fushibao.com/', 'http://www.sacon.cn/', 'http://www.yongle.com.cn/', 'http://www.xinfei.com/'] begin = time.time() number = 0 dumped = set() def show(c): global number number +=1 content = c.content.getvalue() print number,". cost time", time.time() - begin,"htmllen", len(content) print c.url begin_pos = None count = 1 while True: pos = content.rfind('<a href="http://',None,begin_pos) #print content[pos:pos+200] if pos!=-1: begin_pos = pos url = content[pos+9:content.find('"',pos+13)] if url in dumped: return dumped.add(url) print "\tadd",url urlopen(url,show) count +=1 if count>10: break else: break link = set(link) print "total link", len(link) for i in link: urlopen(i, show) dumped.add(i) _opener.join() print "cost time", time.time() - begin
1.1. 相关文献
PycURL简单学习 http://blog.donews.com/limodou/archive/2005/11/28/641257.aspx
python中的pycurl模块学习 http://forum.eviloctal.com/read.php?tid=27337