1. 关于获取要素:

1.1. 获取要素最好用GetNextFeature而不要用索引值

因为shapefile在实现的时候是以0为起始索引。mapinfo的tab是以1为起始值,这样在获取的时候需要判断读取数据源类型。但是用GetNextFeature就会自动从正确的起始值开始读取。如果需要重新开始读取,就用ResetReading重新设置读取位置到开头。

1.2. 获取要素中的坐标值最好用ExportToWkb而不要用GetX,GetY

ExportToWkb可以批量获取所有的坐标值。而GetX,GetY只能获取单独的一个值。在绘制的时候还要费神去把它们合成一个数组,而获取了wkb,就可以进行批量解析,一下生成数组,这样,我们就可以利用到了强大的Numeric模块,进行神奇的矩阵魔术。至于wkb的格式,这里有简单的说明。 我写了一个小模块,用于解析wkb

   1 import struct
   2 import ogr
   3 from array import array
   4 
   5 import sys
   6 endian_name = sys.byteorder
   7 
   8 wkbXDR = '>'     # Big Endian
   9 wkbNDR = '<'     # Little Endian
  10 
  11 def choose(bool, a, b):
  12     return (bool and [a] or [b])[0]
  13 
  14 BTOR = choose(endian_name == 'little',wkbNDR,wkbNDR)
  15 
  16 def up_endian_type(wkb):
  17     endian_t = struct.unpack('b',wkb[0])[0]
  18     endian = choose(endian_t,'<','>')
  19     wkbtype = struct.unpack(endian+'I',wkb[1:5])[0]
  20     return endian,wkbtype,endian_t
  21 
  22 def up_len(wkb,beg,endian):
  23     return struct.unpack(endian+'I',wkb[beg:beg+4])[0]
  24 
  25 def up_point(wkb):
  26     endian,wkbtype,et = up_endian_type(wkb)
  27     points = struct.unpack(endian+"2d",wkb[5:])
  28     return points
  29 
  30 def up_linestring(wkb):
  31     endian,wkbtype,et = up_endian_type(wkb)
  32     lenght = up_len(wkb,5,endian)
  33     points = array('d',wkb[9:9+lenght*16])
  34     if endian != BTOR : points.byteswap()
  35     return points
  36 
  37 def up_linearring(wkb,ringcount,endian):
  38     #endian,wkbtype,et = up_endian_type(wkb)
  39     points = []
  40     ptr = 0
  41     for i in range(ringcount):
  42         length = up_len(wkb,ptr,endian)
  43         ps = array('d',wkb[ptr+4:ptr+4+length*16])
  44         if endian != BTOR : ps.byteswap()
  45         points.append(ps)
  46         ptr += 4+length*16
  47     return points,ptr
  48 
  49 def up_polygon(wkb,sub=-1):
  50     endian,wkbtype,et = up_endian_type(wkb)
  51     if sub == -1:
  52         ringcount = up_len(wkb,5,endian)
  53         points = up_linearring(wkb[9:],ringcount,endian)[0]
  54         return points
  55     else:
  56         points = []
  57         ptr = 5
  58         ringcount = up_len(wkb,ptr,endian)
  59         ps,ringlen = up_linearring(wkb[ptr+4:],ringcount,endian)
  60         points.append(ps)
  61         ptr += 4+ringlen
  62         return points,ptr
  63 
  64 def up_mpoint(wkb):
  65     endian,wkbtype,et = up_endian_type(wkb)
  66     subcount = up_len(wkb,5,endian)
  67     points = []
  68     ptr = 9
  69     for i in range(subcount):
  70         subps = up_point(wkb[ptr:])
  71         points.append(subps)
  72         ptr += 9+len(subps)*8
  73     return points
  74 
  75 def up_mlinestring(wkb):
  76     endian,wkbtype,et = up_endian_type(wkb)
  77     subcount = up_len(wkb,5,endian)
  78     points = []
  79     ptr = 9
  80     for i in range(subcount):
  81         subps = up_linestring(wkb[ptr:])
  82         points.append(subps)
  83         ptr += 9+len(subps)*8
  84     return points
  85 
  86 def up_mpolygon(wkb):
  87     endian,wkbtype,et = up_endian_type(wkb)
  88     subcount = up_len(wkb,5,endian)
  89     points = []
  90     ptr = 9
  91     for i in range(subcount):
  92         subps,size = up_polygon(wkb[ptr:],i)
  93         points.append(subps)
  94         ptr += size
  95     return points
  96 
  97 fun_map = {
  98         ogr.wkbPoint : up_point,
  99         ogr.wkbLineString : up_linestring,
 100         ogr.wkbPolygon : up_polygon,
 101         ogr.wkbMultiPoint : up_mpoint,
 102         ogr.wkbMultiLineString : up_mlinestring,
 103         ogr.wkbMultiPolygon : up_mpolygon
 104         }
 105 
 106 def WkbUnPacker(wkb):
 107     endian,wkbtype,endian_t = up_endian_type(wkb)
 108     foo = fun_map[wkbtype]
 109     points = foo(wkb)
 110     return [endian_t,wkbtype,points]
 111 
 112 
 113 if __name__ == "__main__":
 114     import time
 115     ds = ogr.Open("e:/gisdata/data/country.shp")
 116     layer = ds.GetLayer()
 117     begt = time.time()
 118     #count = layer.GetFeatureCount()
 119     #count  = 2
 120     feature = layer.GetNextFeature()
 121     #for i in [1]:#range(count):
 122     while feature is not None:
 123         #feature = layer.GetFeature(i)
 124         geom = feature.GetGeometryRef()
 125         #print geom.ExportToWkt()
 126         wkb = geom.ExportToWkb()
 127         wkbarr = WkbUnPacker(wkb)
 128         feature = layer.GetNextFeature()
 129         #print wkbarr
 130     print time.time()-begt

因为手上数据不全,无法测试一些特殊情况。如果谁有数据,可以测试一下,如果有错,希望能反馈给我!

1.3. 加快读取大量feature时的循环速度

ogr在python绑定中读取大量feature时速度总是很慢。16000条记录单单只是获取Feature竟然运行了130秒,简直令人无法忍受。后来打开了ogr.py察看了一下绑定代码,发现在Feature类中有“setarr"和"getarr"两个自省方法在创建Feature后不断运行。试着注释掉它们,速度一下就提高到2秒。简直是飞跃啊!不过注释掉自省方法会不会有后遗症,我现在还不敢说(如果大家发现注释掉这两个自省方法有问题,或者不需要注释掉调代码而有更好的方法,希望能反馈给我)。

2. 反馈

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